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What is Total Joint Replacement?

Total joint replacement refers to a surgical procedure in which damaged parts of a joint are cut out and replaced with a prosthesis. Prostheses are special devices designed to mimic the movement of a healthy joint. Typically made from ceramic, metal, or plastic materials, prostheses can help restore the functionality of a joint and significantly improve a patient’s quality of life.

Which joints can surgeons replace?

Nowadays, surgeons can replace most joints. However, the majority of replacement surgeries involve total knee replacement or total hip replacement. Surgeons can also replace joints such as elbows, shoulders, ankles, and thumb and finger joints if necessary.

When is total joint replacement considered?

Total joint replacement represents an invasive medical procedure. Therefore, patients and medical professionals need to assess all the available options before considering surgery.

Typically, medical professionals recommend total joint replacement surgery when nonsurgical alternatives (such as physical therapy or pain medication) haven’t worked. The potential benefits of joint replacement include:

• Improving the range of motion in the joint
• Reducing pain, swelling, or stiffness
• Preventing uncomfortable grinding or popping
• Restoring joint functionality and improving the patient’s strength

Sometimes, surgeons recommend partial joint replacement as a less invasive or risky alternative to total joint replacement.

How can patients prepare for total joint replacement surgery?

Patients must work with their surgical team and doctor to prepare for total joint replacement. In the weeks running up to the surgery, doctors may perform health checks to ensure the patient is fit enough to undergo invasive procedures. It is also vital that the patient stays active and eats healthily, as this is likely to reduce the length of their recovery.

What does the surgery involve?

Total joint replacement usually takes several hours and can be carried out in an outpatient center or hospital facility. The surgeon will start by making an incision in the affected area, and carefully removing any damaged bone or cartilage. If necessary, they will proceed to clean the surfaces of the surrounding bones before implanting a tailored prosthetic device. Finally, they will reconnect any muscles that have been detached and close up the incision.

Is total joint replacement risky?

Total joint replacement is considered a relatively safe form of surgery. However, patients must listen carefully to their doctors about potential risks such as infection or nerve injury.

What outcomes should patients expect?

Most patients find that their joint replacements successfully reduce pain and last for many years. Recovery may take a few months. If rehabilitation instructions are followed, the patient will successfully gain motion and strength in their joint over time.